Understanding Type 4 Hair: Care Tips and Techniques

Type 4 hair, also known as coily or kinky hair, is known for its tight curls and distinctive texture. This hair type is beautiful and unique, but it requires specific care to maintain its health and moisture. Here, we’ll explore the characteristics of type 4 hair, how to care for it, and some recommended products to keep it looking its best.

Characteristics of Type 4 Hair

Type 4 hair is tightly coiled and ranges from fine and thin to wiry and coarse. It can be further categorised into three subtypes: 4A, 4B, and 4C. Each subtype has its own unique curl pattern and characteristics:

- Type 4A: Defined by tight, springy coils with an "S" shape. This hair type has a visible curl pattern and is usually soft and fine.
- Type 4B: Characterised by a "Z" shaped pattern with sharp angles. It has a less defined curl pattern and tends to be more fragile and prone to shrinkage.
- Type 4C: The tightest and most fragile curl pattern. It has very little to no defined curl and is highly susceptible to breakage and shrinkage.

Challenges of Caring for Type 4 Hair

Type 4 hair is prone to dryness and breakage because the natural oils produced by the scalp have a harder time traveling down the hair shaft. This makes moisture retention a key focus in any hair care routine for type 4 hair. Additionally, the curl pattern can make detangling a challenge, and the hair’s fragility means it requires gentle handling.

 

Moisturising and Sealing

One of the most important aspects of caring for type 4 hair is ensuring it stays moisturised. Here’s how to keep your hair hydrated:

- Moisturise Regularly: Use a water-based moisturiser or leave-in conditioner daily to keep your hair hydrated.
- Seal in Moisture: After moisturising, apply a sealing oil like avocado oil, jojoba oil, or baobab oil to lock in the moisture and add shine.
- Deep Condition Weekly: Use a deep conditioner with hydrating ingredients like shea butter, avocado oil, and aloe vera to provide intense moisture and nourishment.

Detangling

Detangling type 4 hair can be a daunting task, but with the right approach, it can be made easier:

- Detangle When Wet: Apply a generous amount of conditioner and use a wide-tooth comb or your fingers to gently detangle your hair.
- Section Your Hair: Divide your hair into manageable sections to make detangling easier and reduce breakage.
- Be Gentle: Avoid harsh brushing or combing, which can cause breakage and damage to your hair.

Protective Styling

Protective styles like braids, twists, and updos can help reduce manipulation and protect your ends from breakage. These styles keep your hair tucked away, reducing exposure to environmental stressors and helping to maintain moisture. Ensure your hair is well-moisturised before installing a protective style and continue to moisturise your scalp and hair while in the style.

Nighttime Routine

A good nighttime routine is essential for maintaining the health of type 4 hair. Use a satin or silk scarf, bonnet, or pillowcase to protect your hair while you sleep. These materials reduce friction and prevent moisture loss, unlike cotton, which can absorb moisture from your hair.

Recommended Products

- Moisturising Leave-In Conditioner: Helps keep your hair hydrated and manageable throughout the day.
- Sealing Oil: Locks in moisture and adds shine to your hair.
- Deep Conditioner: Provides intense hydration and nourishment to keep your hair healthy and strong.

By understanding the unique needs of type 4 hair and incorporating these care tips into your routine, you can keep your hair healthy, hydrated, and thriving. Embrace the beauty of your natural curls and enjoy the journey of caring for your unique hair type.